Advances in Brain Organoid Modeling and Its Applications in Brain Disorders

Abstract

Brain organoids, as 3D cell culture models simulating human brain development and structure, have made significant progress in neuroscience research in recent years. This review systematically summarizes the current research status of brain organoids, including their construction methods-specifically patient-derived brain tumor tissues and iPSC induced brain organoids. It further discusses the applications of brain organoids (alone or in combination with microfluidic technology) in disease model construction, mechanism research, and drug screening. Additionally, the technical limitations and challenges inherent to this model system are discussed. Finally, the future development directions of brain organoids are prospected, with the aim of providing a comprehensive reference for related research fields.